Paper ReviewArts & DesignSystematic Review

Designing Experience with AI: A Framework for Cultural and Creative Industries

A new framework proposes how AI technologies reshape experience design across cultural and creative industriesโ€”transforming audience engagement, creative production, and cultural consumption in ways that demand new theoretical models.

By Sean K.S. Shin
This blog summarizes research trends based on published paper abstracts. Specific numbers or findings may contain inaccuracies. For scholarly rigor, always consult the original papers cited in each post.

Museums now deploy recommendation engines to personalize gallery tours. Streaming platforms use algorithmic curation to shape what audiences encounter and when. Interactive installations respond to visitors' movements, expressions, and biometric signals in real time. Yet the theoretical frameworks for understanding these AI-mediated cultural experiences remain underdevelopedโ€”borrowed piecemeal from service design, human-computer interaction, and marketing, none of which were built to capture what happens when artificial intelligence mediates the encounter between a human being and a work of culture.

The Research Landscape

A study published through Taylor & Francis (2025) addresses this gap directly by proposing a framework for AI-based experience design in cultural and creative industries. The paper examines how AI technologies transform three interconnected dimensions of cultural production: audience engagement, creative production processes, and cultural consumption patterns.

The framework's contribution lies in its attempt to integrate what are typically treated as separate phenomena. Research on AI and creativity tends to focus on the production sideโ€”how artists and designers use AI tools. Research on cultural consumption tends to focus on the audience sideโ€”how people discover, access, and engage with cultural products. Research on engagement tends to sit in the marketing literature, focused on measurable outcomes like time-on-platform or return visits. By framing all three as facets of a single "experience design" problem, the paper creates analytical space for examining their interactions.

This integrative move matters because particularly significant effects of AI on cultural industries may occur precisely at the intersections. When an AI system simultaneously shapes what gets produced (by influencing creative workflows), how it gets distributed (by controlling recommendation algorithms), and how audiences engage with it (by personalizing the experience), the cultural ecosystem is being reshaped at multiple points simultaneously. Analyzing any single dimension in isolation may miss emergent properties that only become visible when the full system is examined.

Critical Analysis

<
ClaimEvidence BasisVerdict
AI technologies transform audience engagement in cultural industriesFramework development based on systematic analysisโœ… Supported by the framework's scope
AI reshapes creative production processesAddressed as one of three framework dimensionsโœ… Supported
Cultural consumption patterns are altered by AIIdentified as a key transformation dimensionโœ… Supported
A unified framework can capture these three dimensionsProposed as the paper's contribution; empirical validation requires further studyโš ๏ธ Framework proposed, validation pending

The framework approach carries both strengths and limitations worth noting. On the strength side, cultural and creative industries genuinely lack a unified theoretical model for AI-mediated experience. The existing literature is fragmented across disciplines, and a synthesizing framework provides researchers with shared vocabulary and conceptual anchors. On the limitation side, frameworks are inherently abstractโ€”they organize thinking but do not, by themselves, generate testable predictions. The value of this framework will ultimately be determined by whether subsequent empirical research finds it useful for structuring investigations and generating insights that would not have emerged without it.

A deeper question concerns the boundary of "cultural and creative industries" itself. The term encompasses everything from fine art museums to video game studios, from opera houses to advertising agencies. AI's role and impact in these settings differ so substantially that a single framework risks being either too abstract to be useful or too specific to be general. The paper's treatment of this tensionโ€”whether it proposes domain-specific adaptations within the overarching frameworkโ€”would be important to assess from the full text.

There is also a normative dimension that deserves scrutiny. "Experience design" implies intentionalityโ€”someone is designing the experience for someone else. In cultural contexts, this raises questions about power, agency, and authenticity that are less prominent in commercial service design. When an AI system designs a museum visitor's experience by selecting which artworks to highlight, in what order, with what contextual information, it is exercising curatorial judgment that has traditionally been reserved for human experts with deep domain knowledge and cultural sensitivity.

Open Questions

  • Empirical grounding: Has the proposed framework been tested against actual AI deployments in cultural institutions, or does it remain at the conceptual stage?
  • Cultural specificity: Do the framework's categories apply equally across different cultural traditions, or does it implicitly assume Western cultural production norms?
  • Audience agency: How does the framework account for audience resistance to AI-mediated experiencesโ€”cases where people actively prefer non-algorithmic cultural encounters?
  • Creative autonomy: When AI systems influence creative production at the same time as audience consumption, is there a risk of feedback loops where production converges toward whatever the algorithm predicts audiences will engage with, reducing cultural diversity?
  • Measurement: What metrics would validate or falsify the framework's claims about transformation? How would one measure whether AI has genuinely transformed cultural experience rather than merely digitized existing patterns?

Closing

The most valuable contribution here may be the insistence that audience engagement, creative production, and cultural consumption are not separate problems to be solved by separate disciplines. For researchers in service design, digital humanities, or cultural policy, this framework offers a starting point for cross-disciplinary conversation. For practitioners in cultural institutions considering AI adoption, it suggests that decisions about any one dimensionโ€”say, implementing a recommendation engineโ€”cannot be evaluated without considering their effects on the other two. The full paper merits careful reading by anyone working at the intersection of AI and cultural production.

Explore related work through ORAA ResearchBrain.

References (2)

[1] AI-based experience design in cultural and creative industries. (2025). Service Industries Journal.
Gurel, E. (2025). AI-driven experiences in cultural and creative industries: a review of literature and development of a multifaceted framework. The Service Industries Journal, 1-40.

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